تمایز تروریسم انتحاری مبتنی بر نظریه اثر وضعی جرم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، عضو هیات علمی وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه تروریسم به عنوان پدیده ­ای پویا و چندوجهی تهدیدی جدی علیه نظم جهانی، دولت­ها و امنیت شهروندان به حساب می ­آید. اساساً تروریسم انتحاری تهاجمی  ترین شکل تروریسم مدرن است و به عنوان یک راهبرد منحصر به فرد تروریستی در نظر گرفته می­ شود که با سایر فعالیت ­های تروریستی متفاوت است. در مقاله حاضر سعی شده است با استفاده از مبانی نظری پیشگیری وضعی جرم، به این مبحث پرداخته شود که وجوه تمایز تروریسم انتحاری بر اساس نوع حمله، نوع هدف، نوع سلاح و نوع سازمان تروریستی، با دیگر اشکال دیگر تروریسم (غیرانتحاری) که بین سال­های 1981 تا 2017 اتفاق افتاده است، چیست؟ تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها با استفاده از برنامه نرم ­افزار آماری Stata نسخه 14.2 انجام و آزمون آماری مجذور کای پیرسون برای تجزیه و تحلیل متغیر انجام شده است. تجزیه و تحلیل دو متغیره و چند متغیره نشان می­دهد که تروریسم انتحاری در مقایسه با نوع غیرانتحاری آن شامل بمب­ گذاری و انفجار به عنوان نوع حمله، مواد منفجره به عنوان سلاح، نیروهای نظامی-امنیتی به مثابه هدف و توسط سازمان­ های تروریستی با گرایشات ایدئولوژی مذهبی انجام می­ شود.

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